A focus on water can lessen climate change’s burn

Here in Alberta, the wildfires that have engulfed my province and displaced close to 30,000 people are devastating, forcing farmers from their ranches, families from their homes, and children from their schools. The early wildfire season unfortunately serves as a sobering reminder that the intensifying impacts of climate change are affecting local communities, livelihoods, and ecosystems. How might we fight the fires of climate change, both the real ones burning actively in Alberta and the broader risks facing communities across Canada? Well, we fight fires with water. Firefighters on the frontlines know this, but we need all Canadians to understand—with renewed urgency—just how critical water is to our well-being and prosperity in the face of climate change. In a May 9 International Institute for Sustainable Development report, we learned the range of water challenges facing Prairie communities. Among them, perennial underfunding of water infrastructure, including stormwater, wastewater, and potable water assets, has caused their depreciation to outpace investment by $3-billion in just four years. By water infrastructure, we mean what you might understand as traditional infrastructure—think pipes, dams, and water treatment facilities. Canadians need water infrastructure to provide clean drinking water, manage stormwater and wastewater, ensure reliable water supplies for key economic sectors, and to protect us in the face of mounting risks of flooding, drought, extreme heat, and wildfires. But it is growing more challenging for traditional—or “grey”—infrastructure to keep pace with the needs of communities, especially as rising costs and climate change add pressure. Josée Méthot is the senior policy specialist, water, for the International Institute for Sustainable Development. Photograph courtesy of Josée Méthot Thankfully, evidence from around the world and here in Canada shows that nature can help to bridge the gap, in the form of natural infrastructure. Natural infrastructure is a way to plan and work with nature to meet infrastructure needs. It can be a conserved ecosystem, a restored ecosystem, or even a nature-based engineered feature. Examples range from conserving and restoring wetlands to reduce flood risk and retain soil moisture, to installing green roofs on top of public buildings for reduced stormwater volumes. And natural infrastructure works, proving to be reliable and cost-effective, easing the burden on traditional water infrastructure systems. It also provides extra benefits. For example, wetlands can protect against flooding, while also storing carbon, supporting biodiversity, and even property values. There are exciting examples peppered across the Prairies. A tertiary treatment wetland in La Broquerie, Man., uses the power of plants to ensure phosphorus levels meet regulatory requirements before discharging to the Seine River. A bioretention bed in Okotoks, Alta., collects, stores, and cleans stormwater used in a local irrigation system. But these projects are far from the norm; we need a more co-ordinated approach to scale up natural infrastructure across the country and in the Prairies. And soon. And while Canada’s federal government is supportive of building more natural infrastructure solutions to complement traditional infrastructure—evident by funding through the Natural Infrastructure Fund and plans to include natural infrastructure in the first-ever National Infrastructure Assessment—we need to ensure that key investments and programs reach Prairie communities in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and beyond. We can build on recent momentum—including the draft National Adaptation Strategy—to ensure the right supports are in place to help Prairie communities make their water infrastructure more resilient. But how? First, we need to ensure adequate and more accessible funding for those, across all sectors, who want to implement natural infrastructure. Accessibility is key. While “shovel-ready” projects are great, more support for the upfront development of projects can increase local uptake, particularly in rural or underserved communities who may lack capacity or expertise. We also need to make a stronger business case for local projects to show where natural infrastructure is a cost-effective and impactful option that provides a clear return on investment. And, to facilitate all of this, we need to enable policies at all levels of government to make it easier for those who want to implement natural infrastructure: smaller municipalities, rural counties, Indigenous communities, agricultural producers, industry, and investors. Natural infrastructure can be an extra firewall against the worst impacts of climate change. Let’s focus on water to lessen the burn. Josée Méthot is the senior policy specialist, water, for the International Institute for Sustainable Development. The Hill Times