Saturday, July 19, 2025

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Saturday, July 19, 2025 | Latest Paper

Alan Park

Opinion | BY GARY MAR | July 19, 2025
Rail capacity has long been an intractable issue across Canada. In Alberta, about 55 per cent of non-pipeline exports are shipped by rail. Exporters say they face an uncompetitive rail environment and limited capacity, writes Gary Mar, president and CEO of the Canada West Foundation. Photograph courtesy of Tony Hisgett, Flickr.com
Opinion | BY GARY MAR | July 19, 2025
Opinion | BY GARY MAR | July 19, 2025
Rail capacity has long been an intractable issue across Canada. In Alberta, about 55 per cent of non-pipeline exports are shipped by rail. Exporters say they face an uncompetitive rail environment and limited capacity, writes Gary Mar, president and CEO of the Canada West Foundation. Photograph courtesy of Tony Hisgett, Flickr.com
With global instability mounting and growing threats from south of the border, the stakes for Canada’s economy and our ability to compete have never been higher. Image courtesy of Pexels/Avijit Singh
With global instability mounting and growing threats from south of the border, the stakes for Canada’s economy and our ability to compete have never been higher. Image courtesy of Pexels/Avijit Singh
News | BY ELEANOR WAND | July 19, 2025
Pierre Poilievre
Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre is hoping to secure a seat in the House this August, but his competition doesn’t think he should be so confident about his chances in the upcoming byelection. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY ELEANOR WAND | July 19, 2025
News | BY ELEANOR WAND | July 19, 2025
Pierre Poilievre
Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre is hoping to secure a seat in the House this August, but his competition doesn’t think he should be so confident about his chances in the upcoming byelection. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | July 18, 2025
The Lawn Summer Nights celebrating its 15th anniversary this year, with an event on July 9 that raised $11,619 for Cystic Fibrosis Canada. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | July 18, 2025
FeatureBY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | July 18, 2025
The Lawn Summer Nights celebrating its 15th anniversary this year, with an event on July 9 that raised $11,619 for Cystic Fibrosis Canada. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Natural Resources Minister Tim Hodgson is among the cabinet members holding a presser on wildfires today. The Hill Times Photograph by Andrew Meade
Natural Resources Minister Tim Hodgson is among the cabinet members holding a presser on wildfires today. The Hill Times Photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY ANDREW GRIFFITH | July 17, 2025
The 2023-24 employment equity report is likely to be the last analysis occurring during a period of growth in the core public service, as the government embarks on a spending review across all departments. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY ANDREW GRIFFITH | July 17, 2025
Opinion | BY ANDREW GRIFFITH | July 17, 2025
The 2023-24 employment equity report is likely to be the last analysis occurring during a period of growth in the core public service, as the government embarks on a spending review across all departments. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY RIDDHI KACHHELA | July 17, 2025
A new report from Parliamentary Budget Officer Yves Giroux reports the number of full-time public servants has ballooned from 335,000 in In 2006-07 to 445,000 in 2024-25. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY RIDDHI KACHHELA | July 17, 2025
News | BY RIDDHI KACHHELA | July 17, 2025
A new report from Parliamentary Budget Officer Yves Giroux reports the number of full-time public servants has ballooned from 335,000 in In 2006-07 to 445,000 in 2024-25. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY ERROL MENDES | July 17, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney, left, and U.S. President Donald Trump in the White House's Oval Office on May 6, 2025. Official White House photograph by Emily J. Higgins
Opinion | BY ERROL MENDES | July 17, 2025
Opinion | BY ERROL MENDES | July 17, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney, left, and U.S. President Donald Trump in the White House's Oval Office on May 6, 2025. Official White House photograph by Emily J. Higgins
Opinion | BY MATTHEW LAU | July 17, 2025
If economies of scale allow large airlines to operate more efficiently than small ones, airline passengers may well be better off when two airlines merge, writes Matthew Lau. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY MATTHEW LAU | July 17, 2025
Opinion | BY MATTHEW LAU | July 17, 2025
If economies of scale allow large airlines to operate more efficiently than small ones, airline passengers may well be better off when two airlines merge, writes Matthew Lau. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY CéLINE DELACROIX | July 16, 2025
Contrary to the assumptions of traditional economic models, living standards can continue to rise even as the population gradually declines, writes Céline Delacroix. Pexels photograph by Matilda Wormwood
Opinion | BY CéLINE DELACROIX | July 16, 2025
Opinion | BY CéLINE DELACROIX | July 16, 2025
Contrary to the assumptions of traditional economic models, living standards can continue to rise even as the population gradually declines, writes Céline Delacroix. Pexels photograph by Matilda Wormwood
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
Anita Anand
Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand has seven confirmed staffers officially working in her office as of mid-July. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
Anita Anand
Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand has seven confirmed staffers officially working in her office as of mid-July. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY DOUGLAS ROCHE | July 16, 2025
Bob Rae is Canada’s ambassador to the United Nations. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY DOUGLAS ROCHE | July 16, 2025
Opinion | BY DOUGLAS ROCHE | July 16, 2025
Bob Rae is Canada’s ambassador to the United Nations. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Independent Senator Hassan Yussuff is a member of Prime Minister Mark Carney's 19-member Council on Canada-U.S. Relations. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Independent Senator Hassan Yussuff is a member of Prime Minister Mark Carney's 19-member Council on Canada-U.S. Relations. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney has championed increased trade and defence links to Europe as part of diversification efforts. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
News | BY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney has championed increased trade and defence links to Europe as part of diversification efforts. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Norbert Lammert was president of Germany's Bundestag from 2005 to 2017. He now serves as chair of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
FeatureBY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
FeatureBY NEIL MOSS | July 16, 2025
Norbert Lammert was president of Germany's Bundestag from 2005 to 2017. He now serves as chair of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Mark Carney
It makes sense for Prime Minister Mark Carney to give on some smaller issues, and to promise other things that won't be delivered until after U.S. President Donald Trump's term has ended, writes Ronald Heale. White House photograph by Daniel Torok
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Mark Carney
It makes sense for Prime Minister Mark Carney to give on some smaller issues, and to promise other things that won't be delivered until after U.S. President Donald Trump's term has ended, writes Ronald Heale. White House photograph by Daniel Torok
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Opinion | July 16, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney will meet with the provincial and territorial premiers to discuss the nation's response to the latest tariff action from U.S. President Donald Trump in Huntsville, Ont., on July 22. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Prime Minister Mark Carney will meet with the provincial and territorial premiers to discuss the nation's response to the latest tariff action from U.S. President Donald Trump in Huntsville, Ont., on July 22. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Assembly of First Nations Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak will hold a press conference in Ottawa ahead of her meeting with the prime minister tomorrow. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Assembly of First Nations Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak will hold a press conference in Ottawa ahead of her meeting with the prime minister tomorrow. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY JOSIE SABATINO | July 16, 2025
The political honeymoon Prime Minister Mark Carney's government has enjoyed since the election may have left them unprepared for the strength of the opposition they now face, writes Josie Sabatino. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY JOSIE SABATINO | July 16, 2025
Opinion | BY JOSIE SABATINO | July 16, 2025
The political honeymoon Prime Minister Mark Carney's government has enjoyed since the election may have left them unprepared for the strength of the opposition they now face, writes Josie Sabatino. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
Five cranes currently surround Centre Block. Three sit inside the Parliament Welcome Centre pit to facilitate construction of the new underground complex, with two flanking Centre Block's east and west ends to haul material in and out of its internal courtyards. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
News | BY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | July 16, 2025
Five cranes currently surround Centre Block. Three sit inside the Parliament Welcome Centre pit to facilitate construction of the new underground complex, with two flanking Centre Block's east and west ends to haul material in and out of its internal courtyards. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Prime Minister Mark Carney will meet with his cabinet today to discuss the latest, looming deadline for U.S.-Canada trade talks. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Prime Minister Mark Carney will meet with his cabinet today to discuss the latest, looming deadline for U.S.-Canada trade talks. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | July 14, 2025
Solar panels
Volume production and technical innovations have brought the price of solar panels down so low that China is exporting them in huge quantities even to developing countries, writes Gwynne Dyer. Photograph courtesy of Unsplash
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | July 14, 2025
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | July 14, 2025
Solar panels
Volume production and technical innovations have brought the price of solar panels down so low that China is exporting them in huge quantities even to developing countries, writes Gwynne Dyer. Photograph courtesy of Unsplash
News | BY IREM KOCA | July 14, 2025
David McGuinty
Defence Minister David McGuinty said he would 'look into' the terms of the contract before the Canadian International Trade Tribunal called for the government to put a hold on the procurement. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY IREM KOCA | July 14, 2025
News | BY IREM KOCA | July 14, 2025
David McGuinty
Defence Minister David McGuinty said he would 'look into' the terms of the contract before the Canadian International Trade Tribunal called for the government to put a hold on the procurement. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | July 14, 2025
The self-proclaimed ‘Blue Hackle Mafia’ Facebook group posted images of male soldiers in uniform exposing their genitals, others posing naked with Canadian Forces weapons, or simulating sexual acts with each other in uniform. Photograph courtesy of Facebook first published by The Ottawa Citizen
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | July 14, 2025
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | July 14, 2025
The self-proclaimed ‘Blue Hackle Mafia’ Facebook group posted images of male soldiers in uniform exposing their genitals, others posing naked with Canadian Forces weapons, or simulating sexual acts with each other in uniform. Photograph courtesy of Facebook first published by The Ottawa Citizen
Opinion | BY STEPHEN WILTON | July 14, 2025
Tim Hodgson
Natural Resources Minister Tim Hodgson and the government should reconsider the decision and require a comprehensive environmental assessment of the Vista coal mine expansion, writes Stephen Wilton. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY STEPHEN WILTON | July 14, 2025
Opinion | BY STEPHEN WILTON | July 14, 2025
Tim Hodgson
Natural Resources Minister Tim Hodgson and the government should reconsider the decision and require a comprehensive environmental assessment of the Vista coal mine expansion, writes Stephen Wilton. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY ABBAS RANA | July 14, 2025
Conservative Party Leader Pierre Poilievre, right, pictured with his wife Anaida Poilievre on April 28 in Ottawa, is set to face a mandatory leadership review at the Calgary convention in January, as required by the party constitution following an electoral defeat. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
News | BY ABBAS RANA | July 14, 2025
News | BY ABBAS RANA | July 14, 2025
Conservative Party Leader Pierre Poilievre, right, pictured with his wife Anaida Poilievre on April 28 in Ottawa, is set to face a mandatory leadership review at the Calgary convention in January, as required by the party constitution following an electoral defeat. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
King Charles speaks with a member of the Royal Canadian Regiment honour guard after arriving at the Senate of Canada Building on May 27. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY ANDREW MEADE | May 27, 2025
King Charles speaks with a member of the Royal Canadian Regiment honour guard after arriving at the Senate of Canada Building on May 27. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 27, 2025
King Charles arrives at the Senate of Canada building on May 27 before delivering the Speech from the Throne, marking the first time in nearly 50 years that a monarch has opened Parliament. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 27, 2025
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 27, 2025
King Charles arrives at the Senate of Canada building on May 27 before delivering the Speech from the Throne, marking the first time in nearly 50 years that a monarch has opened Parliament. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | May 27, 2025
Donald Trump
The whole show is designed to exploit U.S. President Donald Trump’s fascination with the British monarchy, writes Gwynne Dyer. White House photograph by Andrea Hanks
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | May 27, 2025
Opinion | BY GWYNNE DYER | May 27, 2025
Donald Trump
The whole show is designed to exploit U.S. President Donald Trump’s fascination with the British monarchy, writes Gwynne Dyer. White House photograph by Andrea Hanks
News | BY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | May 27, 2025
King Charles III at Lansdowne Park on May 26, the first day of the royal visit ahead of opening Canada's Parliament. King Charles inspects the honour guard at the Senate of Canada building in Ottawa before delivering the Speech from the Throne on May 27, 2025. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
News | BY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | May 27, 2025
News | BY THE HILL TIMES STAFF | May 27, 2025
King Charles III at Lansdowne Park on May 26, the first day of the royal visit ahead of opening Canada's Parliament. King Charles inspects the honour guard at the Senate of Canada building in Ottawa before delivering the Speech from the Throne on May 27, 2025. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
Opinion | BY KYRA WILSON | May 27, 2025
King Charles
The King walks freely on lands his ancestors claimed without consent—while the descendants of this land’s original Nations remain locked out of the very relationship the Crown claims to honour, writes Grand Chief Kyra Wilson. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY KYRA WILSON | May 27, 2025
Opinion | BY KYRA WILSON | May 27, 2025
King Charles
The King walks freely on lands his ancestors claimed without consent—while the descendants of this land’s original Nations remain locked out of the very relationship the Crown claims to honour, writes Grand Chief Kyra Wilson. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
King Charles will read the Carney government's Speech from the Throne in the Senate today. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
King Charles will read the Carney government's Speech from the Throne in the Senate today. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY JOSH LAUGHREN | May 26, 2025
Joanne Thompson
Joanne Thompson became fisheries minister in March, and was tapped to keep the post in May. Last year’s quota increase for northern cod comes at a cost to the long-term health of the fishery, writes Josh Laughren. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
Opinion | BY JOSH LAUGHREN | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY JOSH LAUGHREN | May 26, 2025
Joanne Thompson
Joanne Thompson became fisheries minister in March, and was tapped to keep the post in May. Last year’s quota increase for northern cod comes at a cost to the long-term health of the fishery, writes Josh Laughren. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
King Charles III, left, and Queen Camilla arrive in Ottawa on May 26, a day before he is set to deliver the Throne Speech in the Senate. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY ANDREW MEADE | May 26, 2025
King Charles III, left, and Queen Camilla arrive in Ottawa on May 26, a day before he is set to deliver the Throne Speech in the Senate. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 26, 2025
Francis Scarpaleggia
After a secret ballot, Liberal MP Francis Scarpaleggia was voted in as House Speaker for the 45th Parliament on May 26. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 26, 2025
News | BY MARLO GLASS | May 26, 2025
Francis Scarpaleggia
After a secret ballot, Liberal MP Francis Scarpaleggia was voted in as House Speaker for the 45th Parliament on May 26. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY LEN BAKER | May 26, 2025
Upholding the rights of people with disabilities isn’t a trivial thing, and responsibility for this important task shouldn’t be an afterthought, writes Len Baker. Pexels photograph by Mikhail Nilov
Opinion | BY LEN BAKER | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY LEN BAKER | May 26, 2025
Upholding the rights of people with disabilities isn’t a trivial thing, and responsibility for this important task shouldn’t be an afterthought, writes Len Baker. Pexels photograph by Mikhail Nilov
Opinion | BY BRADLEE WHIDDEN | May 26, 2025
Chrystia Freeland
Internal Trade Minister Chrystia Freeland and the Committee on Internal Trade have a June 1 deadline looming to facilitate labour mobility. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
Opinion | BY BRADLEE WHIDDEN | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY BRADLEE WHIDDEN | May 26, 2025
Chrystia Freeland
Internal Trade Minister Chrystia Freeland and the Committee on Internal Trade have a June 1 deadline looming to facilitate labour mobility. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
Opinion | BY REBECCA BLIGH | May 26, 2025
Canadians don’t want business as usual—they want homes they can afford, infrastructure they can rely on, and communities where they feel safe and supported, writes Rebecca Bligh. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY REBECCA BLIGH | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY REBECCA BLIGH | May 26, 2025
Canadians don’t want business as usual—they want homes they can afford, infrastructure they can rely on, and communities where they feel safe and supported, writes Rebecca Bligh. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | May 26, 2025
The Prime Minister's Office at 80 Wellington St., left, with the West Block building—the current seat of the House of Commons—pictured right. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | May 26, 2025
FeatureBY LAURA RYCKEWAERT | May 26, 2025
The Prime Minister's Office at 80 Wellington St., left, with the West Block building—the current seat of the House of Commons—pictured right. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY BONNIE BRAYTON | May 26, 2025
Canada must discussions to advance the rights of persons with disabilities worldwide while setting the example here at home, writes Bonnie Brayton. Unsplash photograph by Elevate
Opinion | BY BONNIE BRAYTON | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY BONNIE BRAYTON | May 26, 2025
Canada must discussions to advance the rights of persons with disabilities worldwide while setting the example here at home, writes Bonnie Brayton. Unsplash photograph by Elevate
FeatureBY PETER MAZEREEUW | May 26, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney
Unlike his predecessor, Prime Minister Mark Carney is 'more crisp and precise in his answers, and he doesn't tend to give a lecture,' says former Liberal MP Sheila Copps. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY PETER MAZEREEUW | May 26, 2025
FeatureBY PETER MAZEREEUW | May 26, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney
Unlike his predecessor, Prime Minister Mark Carney is 'more crisp and precise in his answers, and he doesn't tend to give a lecture,' says former Liberal MP Sheila Copps. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | May 26, 2025
Perhaps we need to better highlight those multimillion-dollar contracts that just piss away money on equipment that is unusable in the North, writes Scott Taylor. DND photograph by Master Sailor Dan Bard
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY SCOTT TAYLOR | May 26, 2025
Perhaps we need to better highlight those multimillion-dollar contracts that just piss away money on equipment that is unusable in the North, writes Scott Taylor. DND photograph by Master Sailor Dan Bard
Opinion | BY AIDAN WAKELY-MULRONEY | May 26, 2025
Canada has the resources to develop its own in-house version of Linux, and can draw on the experiences of allied countries that have made the switch, writes Aidan Wakely-Mulroney. Unsplash photograph by Oleksandr Chumak
Opinion | BY AIDAN WAKELY-MULRONEY | May 26, 2025
Opinion | BY AIDAN WAKELY-MULRONEY | May 26, 2025
Canada has the resources to develop its own in-house version of Linux, and can draw on the experiences of allied countries that have made the switch, writes Aidan Wakely-Mulroney. Unsplash photograph by Oleksandr Chumak
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney, right, is the most influential figure in the new Liberal government. His leadership will be judged largely by how effectively he tackles the two issues foremost on Canadians’ minds: Canada-U.S. trade relations and the rising cost of living. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
Prime Minister Mark Carney, right, is the most influential figure in the new Liberal government. His leadership will be judged largely by how effectively he tackles the two issues foremost on Canadians’ minds: Canada-U.S. trade relations and the rising cost of living. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
Even though the Conservatives lost the April 28 federal election, Pierre Poilievre, pictured right with his wife Anaida Poilievre, still appears to maintain strong control over his party. Leading up to the election, most political observers anticipated a Liberal majority, yet the Conservatives managed to hold them to a minority. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
News | BY ABBAS RANA | May 26, 2025
Even though the Conservatives lost the April 28 federal election, Pierre Poilievre, pictured right with his wife Anaida Poilievre, still appears to maintain strong control over his party. Leading up to the election, most political observers anticipated a Liberal majority, yet the Conservatives managed to hold them to a minority. The Hill Times photograph by Sam Garcia
FeatureBY RIDDHI KACHHELA | May 26, 2025
King Charles and Queen Camilla will be in Ottawa today and tomorrow. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade
FeatureBY RIDDHI KACHHELA | May 26, 2025
FeatureBY RIDDHI KACHHELA | May 26, 2025
King Charles and Queen Camilla will be in Ottawa today and tomorrow. The Hill Times photograph by Andrew Meade